Insulator terminology
Insulator at the air gap insulated and atmospheric exposure of insulator surface insulation. The withstand voltage of external insulation value is closely related with the atmospheric conditions. The air gap breakdown and surface flashover is loss of form of external insulation, the insulation performance in general, breakdown or flashover occurs, insulation performance of air can be automatically recovered, is a self restoring insulation.
Insulator insulation is not in direct contact with the atmosphere, the withstand voltage value has nothing to do with the atmospheric conditions. The inner insulation can be composed of a combination of solid, liquid, gas or a variety of media, the inner insulation breakdown is often not once automatic recovery, non self restoring insulation.
Self restoring insulation in the role of the applied voltage insulation, insulation performance can be automatically restored to the level before, such that self restoring insulation insulation. In general the external insulation of self restoring insulation, but there are exceptions.
Non self restoring insulation in external insulation breakdown voltage under, insulation property is lost or not fully restored to the level before the insulation, the insulation is called non self restoring insulation. Generally internal insulation is non self restoring insulation, but there are exceptions.
Disruptive discharge breakdown in solid dielectrics, often can cause permanent damage to the insulation capability.
Flashover in the role of the applied voltage, between two electrodes of different potential, discharge phenomenon along the solid medium and air interface occurs. The flashover path can be ionized strong enough to generate arc.
Basic lightning impulse insulation level applied standard lightning impulse on self restoring insulation under specific conditions, income to have 90% tolerance probability (10% discharge probability) Standard Lightning bode amplitude.
Basic impulse insulation level applied standard operating shock wave on self restoring insulation under specific conditions, income to have 90% tolerance probability (10% discharge probability) standard operating wave amplitude.
Stem a shortest distance point arc distance through the middle medium between two end electrode, or is the shortest distance through several intermediate electrode discharge.
The linear distance between the connecting length of conductor and support structure, including the connection fitting distance and both ends of the insulating length.
The leakage distance between conductive parts along the insulation and the shortest distance of the measured surface.
Insulation leakage distance surface protected leakage distance does not directly bear the sun, wind, rain and other natural factors. The suspension type porcelain and glass insulators, protected by the leakage distance refers to the surface along the furrow of insulator leakage distance.